It's a model that is very difficult to emulate. Of course we could emulate aspects of it, but it's not as simple as following a formula. As you've alluded to it's a club culture 60 years in the making. You can point to specific figures within the Ajax model and chart the changes or development of the model. It's not as simple as buy/bring in good youth, develop good youth and then profit. It seems that way, but it's not.
The fans mentality could shift, but it would require something seismic. It's not just as simple as accepting a few barren years or that young players are more prone to on field mistakes either. We've got the issue of having to cope with one of the most intense footballing rivalries in the world. Sure Ajax vs Feyenoord is fiery and hostile, but it's nowhere near as all consuming because they inhabit different cities. Also Ajax are by far the more successful club in that rivalry. The Old Firm, is far more intrinsically intertwined or claustrophobic, us missing out out on honours means they are picking them up. Our fans would have a hard time living with that and vice versa.
Ajax spend vast sums on the very best young players. But they also make vast sums from selling their best players, sums a team in Scotland simply cannot command. The perception globally is that Dutch football is far more competitive than the Scottish league is, this strengthened by the fact multiple Dutch sides have competed in European competitions for decades. Something our nation simply cannot boast. So although Ajax and PSV tend to dominate, there is quality throughout the Dutch league, varying degrees of it but the drop off isn't as severe. Dutch players in general are more highly rated than Scottish ones are, so they've got a massive jump on us by virtue of having a better pedigree.
Where I do think we can become more successful and lessen the financial strains we have, is by developing youth to the point we negate the need to buy so many 'Squad players'. Allowing us to strengthen by buying highly rated youngsters or players that can legitimately slot into our first 11. That's very doable from our perspective and it's also vastly cheaper as a method because youth players cost way less than buying in squad fillers. In doing that certain youth players could legitimately rise beyond the rank of a 'squad player'. Because football development isn't an exact science, players all develop at different rates both physically and mentally. That's something we can build towards, at least for now anyway.